相信很多朋友在项目中使用的ORM框架都是MyBatis,如果单用MyBatis来操作数据库的话,需要手写很多单表查询的SQL实现。这时候我们往往会选择一个增强工具来实现这些单表CRUD操作,这里推荐一款好用的工具MyBatis-Plus!
MyBatis-Plus简介
MyBatis-Plus(简称 MP)是一个 MyBatis 的增强工具,在 MyBatis 的基础上只做增强不做改变,为简化开发、提高效率而生。MyBatis-Plus 提供了代码生成器,可以一键生成controller、service、mapper、model、mapper.xml代码,同时提供了丰富的CRUD操作方法,助我们解放双手!
MyBatis-Plus集成
首先我们需要在SpringBoot项目中集成MyBatis-Plus,之后我们再详细介绍它的使用方法!
- 在pom.xml中添加相关依赖,主要是MyBatis-Plus、MyBatis-Plus Generator和Velocity模板引擎;
<dependencies> <!--Mybatis-Plus依赖--> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starter</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </dependency> <!--Mybatis-Plus代码生成器--> <dependency> <groupId>com.baomidou</groupId> <artifactId>mybatis-plus-generator</artifactId> <version>3.3.2</version> </dependency> <!--Velocity模板生成引擎--> <dependency> <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId> <artifactId>velocity-engine-core</artifactId> <version>2.2</version> </dependency></dependencies>
- 在SpringBoot配置文件application.yml添加如下配置,配置好数据源和MyBatis-Plus;
spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mall?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password: rootmybatis-plus: mapper-locations: classpath:/mapper/**/*.xml #指定mapper.xml路径 global-config: db-config: id-type: auto #全局默认主键类型设置为自增 configuration: auto-mapping-behavior: partial #只对非嵌套的 resultMap 进行自动映射 map-underscore-to-camel-case: true #开启自动驼峰命名规则映射
- 添加MyBatis-Plus的Java配置,使用@MapperScan注解配置好需要扫码的Mapper接口路径,MyBatis-Plus自带分页功能,需要配置好分页插件PaginationInterceptor。
/** * MyBatis配置类 * Created by macro on 2019/4/8. */@Configuration@MapperScan("com.macro.mall.tiny.modules.*.mapper")public class MyBatisConfig { @Bean public PaginationInterceptor paginationInterceptor() { PaginationInterceptor paginationInterceptor = new PaginationInterceptor(); paginationInterceptor.setCountSqlParser(new JsqlParserCountOptimize(true)); return paginationInterceptor; }}
代码生成器
MyBatis-Plus 提供了代码生成器,可以一键生成controller、service、mapper、model、mapper.xml代码,非常方便!
- 首先我们创建代码生成器类MyBatisPlusGenerator,直接运行其main方法即可生成相关代码;
/** * MyBatisPlus代码生成器 * Created by macro on 2020/8/20. */public class MyBatisPlusGenerator { public static void main(String[] args) { String projectPath = System.getProperty("user.dir") "/mall-tiny-plus"; String moduleName = scanner("模块名"); String[] tableNames = scanner("表名,多个英文逗号分割").split(","); // 代码生成器 AutoGenerator autoGenerator = new AutoGenerator(); autoGenerator.setGlobalConfig(initGlobalConfig(projectPath)); autoGenerator.setDataSource(initDataSourceConfig()); autoGenerator.setPackageInfo(initPackageConfig(moduleName)); autoGenerator.setCfg(initInjectionConfig(projectPath, moduleName)); autoGenerator.setTemplate(initTemplateConfig()); autoGenerator.setStrategy(initStrategyConfig(tableNames)); autoGenerator.setTemplateEngine(new VelocityTemplateEngine()); autoGenerator.execute(); } /** * 读取控制台内容信息 */ private static String scanner(String tip) { Scanner scanner = new Scanner(System.in); System.out.println(("请输入" tip ":")); if (scanner.hasNext()) { String next = scanner.next(); if (StrUtil.isNotEmpty(next)) { return next; } } throw new MybatisPlusException("请输入正确的" tip "!"); } /** * 初始化全局配置 */ private static GlobalConfig initGlobalConfig(String projectPath) { GlobalConfig globalConfig = new GlobalConfig(); globalConfig.setOutputDir(projectPath "/src/main/java"); globalConfig.setAuthor("macro"); globalConfig.setOpen(false); globalConfig.setSwagger2(true); globalConfig.setBaseResultMap(true); globalConfig.setFileOverride(true); globalConfig.setDateType(DateType.ONLY_DATE); globalConfig.setEntityName("%s"); globalConfig.setMapperName("%sMapper"); globalConfig.setXmlName("%sMapper"); globalConfig.setServiceName("%sService"); globalConfig.setServiceImplName("%sServiceImpl"); globalConfig.setControllerName("%sController"); return globalConfig; } /** * 初始化数据源配置 */ private static DataSourceConfig initDataSourceConfig() { Props props = new Props("generator.properties"); DataSourceConfig dataSourceConfig = new DataSourceConfig(); dataSourceConfig.setUrl(props.getStr("dataSource.url")); dataSourceConfig.setDriverName(props.getStr("dataSource.driverName")); dataSourceConfig.setUsername(props.getStr("dataSource.username")); dataSourceConfig.setPassword(props.getStr("dataSource.password")); return dataSourceConfig; } /** * 初始化包配置 */ private static PackageConfig initPackageConfig(String moduleName) { Props props = new Props("generator.properties"); PackageConfig packageConfig = new PackageConfig(); packageConfig.setModuleName(moduleName); packageConfig.setParent(props.getStr("package.base")); packageConfig.setEntity("model"); return packageConfig; } /** * 初始化模板配置 */ private static TemplateConfig initTemplateConfig() { TemplateConfig templateConfig = new TemplateConfig(); //可以对controller、service、entity模板进行配置 //mapper.xml模板需单独配置 templateConfig.setXml(null); return templateConfig; } /** * 初始化策略配置 */ private static StrategyConfig initStrategyConfig(String[] tableNames) { StrategyConfig strategyConfig = new StrategyConfig(); strategyConfig.setNaming(NamingStrategy.underline_to_camel); strategyConfig.setColumnNaming(NamingStrategy.underline_to_camel); strategyConfig.setEntityLombokModel(true); strategyConfig.setRestControllerStyle(true); //当表名中带*号时可以启用通配符模式 if (tableNames.length == 1 && tableNames[0].contains("*")) { String[] likeStr = tableNames[0].split("_"); String likePrefix = likeStr[0] "_"; strategyConfig.setLikeTable(new LikeTable(likePrefix)); } else { strategyConfig.setInclude(tableNames); } return strategyConfig; } /** * 初始化自定义配置 */ private static InjectionConfig initInjectionConfig(String projectPath, String moduleName) { // 自定义配置 InjectionConfig injectionConfig = new InjectionConfig() { @Override public void initMap() { // 可用于自定义属性 } }; // 模板引擎是Velocity String templatePath = "/templates/mapper.xml.vm"; // 自定义输出配置 List<FileOutConfig> focList = new ArrayList<>(); // 自定义配置会被优先输出 focList.add(new FileOutConfig(templatePath) { @Override public String outputFile(TableInfo tableInfo) { // 自定义输出文件名 , 如果你 Entity 设置了前后缀、此处注意 xml 的名称会跟着发生变化!! return projectPath "/src/main/resources/mapper/" moduleName "/" tableInfo.getEntityName() "Mapper" StringPool.DOT_XML; } }); injectionConfig.setFileOutConfigList(focList); return injectionConfig; }}
- 然后在resources目录下添加配置文件generator.properties,添加代码生成器的数据源配置及存放业务代码的基础包名称;
dataSource.url=jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/mall?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&serverTimezone=Asia/ShanghaidataSource.driverName=com.mysql.cj.jdbc.DriverdataSource.username=rootdataSource.password=rootpackage.base=com.macro.mall.tiny.modules
- 细心的朋友可以发现MyBatisPlusGenerator中很多配置代码都没添加注释,其实MyBatis-Plus源码中的中文注释非常完善,只需查看源码即可,这里摘抄一段DataSourceConfig中的源码;
/** * 数据库配置 * * @author YangHu, hcl * @since 2016/8/30 */@Data@Accessors(chain = true)public class DataSourceConfig { /** * 数据库信息查询 */ private IDbQuery dbQuery; /** * 数据库类型 */ private DbType dbType; /** * PostgreSQL schemaName */ private String schemaName; /** * 类型转换 */ private ITypeConvert typeConvert; /** * 关键字处理器 * @since 3.3.2 */ private IKeyWordsHandler keyWordsHandler; /** * 驱动连接的URL */ private String url; /** * 驱动名称 */ private String driverName; /** * 数据库连接用户名 */ private String username; /** * 数据库连接密码 */ private String password; //省略若干代码......}
- 代码生成器支持两种模式,一种生成单表的代码,比如只生成pms_brand表代码可以先输入pms,后输入pms_brand;
- 生成单表代码结构一览;
- 另一种直接生成整个模块的代码,需要带通配符*,比如生成ums模块代码可以先输入ums,后输入ums_*;
- 生成整个模块代码结构一览。
自定义生成模板
MyBatis-Plus 使用模板引擎来生成代码,支持 Velocity(默认)、Freemarker、Beetl模板引擎,这里以Velocity为了来介绍下如何自定义生成模板。
- 首先我们可以从 MyBatis-Plus Generator依赖包的源码中找到默认模板,拷贝到项目的resources/templates目录下;
- 在MyBatisPlusGenerator类中对TemplateConfig进行配置,配置好各个模板的路径;
/** * MyBatisPlus代码生成器 * Created by macro on 2020/8/20. */public class MyBatisPlusGenerator { /** * 初始化模板配置 */ private static TemplateConfig initTemplateConfig() { TemplateConfig templateConfig = new TemplateConfig(); //可以对controller、service、entity模板进行配置 templateConfig.setEntity("templates/entity.java"); templateConfig.setMapper("templates/mapper.java"); templateConfig.setController("templates/controller.java"); templateConfig.setService("templates/service.java"); templateConfig.setServiceImpl("templates/serviceImpl.java"); //mapper.xml模板需单独配置 templateConfig.setXml(null); return templateConfig; }}
- 对模板进行定制,在定制过程中我们可以发现很多内置变量,用于输出到模板中去,这里以service.java.vm模板为例子,比如package、table这些变量;
package ${package.Service};import ${package.Entity}.${entity};import ${superServiceClassPackage};/** * <p> * $!{table.comment} 服务类 * </p> * * @author ${author} * @since ${date} */#if(${kotlin})interface ${table.serviceName} : ${superServiceClass}<${entity}>#elsepublic interface ${table.serviceName} extends ${superServiceClass}<${entity}> {}#end
- 搞懂这些变量从哪来的,对我们定制模板很有帮助,其实这些变量都来着于AbstractTemplateEngine的getObjectMap方法,具体变量作用可以参考源码。
/** * 模板引擎抽象类 * * @author hubin * @since 2018-01-10 */public abstract class AbstractTemplateEngine { /** * 渲染对象 MAP 信息 * * @param tableInfo 表信息对象 * @return ignore */ public Map<String, Object> getObjectMap(TableInfo tableInfo) { Map<String, Object> objectMap = new HashMap<>(30); ConfigBuilder config = getConfigBuilder(); if (config.getStrategyConfig().isControllerMappingHyphenStyle()) { objectMap.put("controllerMappingHyphenStyle", config.getStrategyConfig().isControllerMappingHyphenStyle()); objectMap.put("controllerMappingHyphen", StringUtils.camelToHyphen(tableInfo.getEntityPath())); } objectMap.put("restControllerStyle", config.getStrategyConfig().isRestControllerStyle()); objectMap.put("config", config); objectMap.put("package", config.getPackageInfo()); GlobalConfig globalConfig = config.getGlobalConfig(); objectMap.put("author", globalConfig.getAuthor()); objectMap.put("idType", globalConfig.getIdType() == null ? null : globalConfig.getIdType().toString()); objectMap.put("logicDeleteFieldName", config.getStrategyConfig().getLogicDeleteFieldName()); objectMap.put("versionFieldName", config.getStrategyConfig().getVersionFieldName()); objectMap.put("activeRecord", globalConfig.isActiveRecord()); objectMap.put("kotlin", globalConfig.isKotlin()); objectMap.put("swagger2", globalConfig.isSwagger2()); objectMap.put("date", new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd").format(new Date())); objectMap.put("table", tableInfo); objectMap.put("enableCache", globalConfig.isEnableCache()); objectMap.put("baseResultMap", globalConfig.isBaseResultMap()); objectMap.put("baseColumnList", globalConfig.isBaseColumnList()); objectMap.put("entity", tableInfo.getEntityName()); objectMap.put("entitySerialVersionUID", config.getStrategyConfig().isEntitySerialVersionUID()); objectMap.put("entityColumnConstant", config.getStrategyConfig().isEntityColumnConstant()); objectMap.put("entityBuilderModel", config.getStrategyConfig().isEntityBuilderModel()); objectMap.put("chainModel", config.getStrategyConfig().isChainModel()); objectMap.put("entityLombokModel", config.getStrategyConfig().isEntityLombokModel()); objectMap.put("entityBooleanColumnRemoveIsPrefix", config.getStrategyConfig().isEntityBooleanColumnRemoveIsPrefix()); objectMap.put("superEntityClass", getSuperClassName(config.getSuperEntityClass())); objectMap.put("superMapperClassPackage", config.getSuperMapperClass()); objectMap.put("superMapperClass", getSuperClassName(config.getSuperMapperClass())); objectMap.put("superServiceClassPackage", config.getSuperServiceClass()); objectMap.put("superServiceClass", getSuperClassName(config.getSuperServiceClass())); objectMap.put("superServiceImplClassPackage", config.getSuperServiceImplClass()); objectMap.put("superServiceImplClass", getSuperClassName(config.getSuperServiceImplClass())); objectMap.put("superControllerClassPackage", verifyClassPacket(config.getSuperControllerClass())); objectMap.put("superControllerClass", getSuperClassName(config.getSuperControllerClass())); return Objects.isNull(config.getInjectionConfig()) ? objectMap : config.getInjectionConfig().prepareObjectMap(objectMap); }}
CRUD操作
MyBatis-Plus的强大之处不止在于它的代码生成功能,还在于它提供了丰富的CRUD方法,让我们实现单表CRUD几乎不用手写SQL实现!
- 我们之前生成的PmsBrandMapper接口由于继承了BaseMapper接口,直接拥有了各种CRUD方法;
/** * <p> * 品牌表 Mapper 接口 * </p> * * @author macro * @since 2020-08-20 */public interface PmsBrandMapper extends BaseMapper<PmsBrand> {}
- 我们来看下BaseMapper中的方法,是不是基本可以满足我们的日常所需了;
- 我们之前生成的PmsBrandService接口由于继承了IService接口,也拥有了各种CRUD方法;
/** * <p> * 品牌表 服务类 * </p> * * @author macro * @since 2020-08-20 */public interface PmsBrandService extends IService<PmsBrand> {}
- 可以看下比BaseMapper中的更加丰富;
- 有了这些IService和BaseMapper中提供的这些方法,我们单表查询就几乎不用手写SQL实现了,使用MyBatis-Plus实现以前PmsBrandController的方法更轻松了!
/** * <p> * 品牌表 前端控制器 * </p> * * @author macro * @since 2020-08-20 */@Api(tags = "PmsBrandController", description = "商品品牌管理")@RestController@RequestMapping("/brand")public class PmsBrandController { private static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(PmsBrandController.class); @Autowired private PmsBrandService brandService; @ApiOperation("获取所有品牌列表") @RequestMapping(value = "/listAll", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult<List<PmsBrand>> getBrandList() { return CommonResult.success(brandService.list()); } @ApiOperation("添加品牌") @RequestMapping(value = "/create", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public CommonResult createBrand(@RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand) { CommonResult commonResult; boolean result = brandService.save(pmsBrand); if (result) { commonResult = CommonResult.success(pmsBrand); LOGGER.debug("createBrand success:{}", pmsBrand); } else { commonResult = CommonResult.failed("操作失败"); LOGGER.debug("createBrand failed:{}", pmsBrand); } return commonResult; } @ApiOperation("更新指定id品牌信息") @RequestMapping(value = "/update", method = RequestMethod.POST) @ResponseBody public CommonResult updateBrand(@RequestBody PmsBrand pmsBrand) { CommonResult commonResult; boolean result = brandService.updateById(pmsBrand); if (result) { commonResult = CommonResult.success(pmsBrand); LOGGER.debug("updateBrand success:{}", pmsBrand); } else { commonResult = CommonResult.failed("操作失败"); LOGGER.debug("updateBrand failed:{}", pmsBrand); } return commonResult; } @ApiOperation("删除指定id的品牌") @RequestMapping(value = "/delete/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult deleteBrand(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { boolean result = brandService.removeById(id); if (result) { LOGGER.debug("deleteBrand success :id={}", id); return CommonResult.success(null); } else { LOGGER.debug("deleteBrand failed :id={}", id); return CommonResult.failed("操作失败"); } } @ApiOperation("分页查询品牌列表") @RequestMapping(value = "/list", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult<CommonPage<PmsBrand>> listBrand(@RequestParam(value = "pageNum", defaultValue = "1") @ApiParam("页码") Integer pageNum, @RequestParam(value = "pageSize", defaultValue = "3") @ApiParam("每页数量") Integer pageSize) { Page<PmsBrand> page = new Page<>(pageNum, pageSize); Page<PmsBrand> pageResult = brandService.page(page); return CommonResult.success(CommonPage.restPage(pageResult)); } @ApiOperation("获取指定id的品牌详情") @RequestMapping(value = "/{id}", method = RequestMethod.GET) @ResponseBody public CommonResult<PmsBrand> brand(@PathVariable("id") Long id) { return CommonResult.success(brandService.getById(id)); }}
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